Utility giant Duke Energy plans to spend industry record $103 billion on growth as data centers and affordability take center stage

Utility giant Duke Energy may not be a household name, but it sits at the epicenter of the AI data center boom and affordability debate as it plans to spend an industry record of $103 billion for growth over just five years—and CEO Harry Sideris isn’t afraid to say he expects that eye-popping number to grow.

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“Ours will probably go up as we move into the future because the growth is not slowing down,” Sideris told Fortune in a sit-down interview recently, citing the AI surge. “We’re only beginning. This thing is not just a blip; it’s going to go on for a while into the foreseeable future.”

Charlotte-based Duke aims to add about 20 gigawatts of new power generation over a decade through gas-fired power plants, solar energy, battery storage, grid upgrades, and efficiency gains. That’s enough to service about 15 million homes. Compare that to the nearly 17 million residents in the combined Carolinas. And that’s not even counting the next-generation nuclear power that Duke aspires to add in due time.

Duke counts Amazon, Microsoft, Google, and Meta as major data center customers and has some of the fastest-growing states in population in its Southern and Midwestern service area. Charlotte-based Duke—the highest-ranking utility in the Fortune 500 at No. 144—leads the regulated utility industry in power generation and grid scale. The 125-year-old company gets its name from the power and tobacco industrialist, James Buchanan “Buck” Duke, whose family also gave its name to Duke University.

“It’s a good time to be in the utility business. I say that we’re the cool kids now,” said Sideris, who just finished his first year as CEO following an entire career at Duke and predecessor companies. “Everybody else has picked up on it.”

But despite Duke touting an emphasis on affordability and rate hikes below industry peers, its rates are still rising. Data centers account for only a fraction of the price increases, but the overall situation has sparked a feud with the Democratic North Carolina Gov. Josh Stein and others.

Stein complained earlier in April that Duke is asking for both a 15% rate hike and an extra $800 million in fuel costs, arguing that Duke is shifting the “cost of electricity from large industrial users onto the backs of regular people, making your utility bills more expensive.”

Sideris counters that Duke’s data center deals require the hyperscalers to pay for their own infrastructure. Duke’s rate hikes are needed, he said, because of population growth and grid upgrades, including hardening infrastructure to combat increasing severe weather events from climate change. In Duke’s footprint, Florida and the Carolinas are three of the fastest-growing states in the country for population, while Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana are showing more modest growth. And all of them are attracting more data center projects.

“There are certain parts of the country where [data centers] are driving the cost higher in some of these markets. That’s not in our territory,” Sideris said, pointing to the Northeast and other parts of the Midwest.

“That doesn’t mean [rates] are not going to go up because there is so much to build. The data centers are paying for theirs, but there’s so much to build for population migration. We have 200,000 people moving into our service territory each year. So that takes infrastructure that does get spread out amongst everybody,” Sideris said. “Then there’s the other piece of that, which is hardening and making your system more resilient. That’s adding value, but it does cost money to invest in that. We’re replacing our wooden poles, like in Florida, with steel and concrete.”

The great power generation race

Out of Duke’s $103 billion capital spending plan—and counting—about 60% is dedicated to building new power generation, while the rest is going to grid expansions and upgrades—essentially the poles and wires.

Duke represents the single-biggest slice of the pie out of Investor-owned utilities nationwide aiming to spend at least $1.4 trillion through 2030, according to the nonprofit PowerLines. In doing so, utilities requested a record high $31 billion in rate hikes in 2025—more than twice the near record from 2024.

And speed in spending those trillions is critical to meet the needs of the AI hyperscaler developers, who emphasize the race against China for global AI supremacy.

Sideris argues that being a vertically integrated utility is an advantage in the AI game.

“The hyperscalers tell us that,” Sideris said. “They love to come to us because they know that there’s one person to deal with, and you’re going to be able to serve me from here to here.

“A lot of the issues that are in markets don’t exist for us because we go from soup to nuts—from the grid planning to the generation planning,” he added. “We can tell exactly how long it’s going to be.”

Another key advantage is the early adoption of so-called demand-side management—essentially requiring data centers to rely so